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Public-interest journalism is still under threat, especially at the local level, where cutbacks in editorial budgets have decimated many newsrooms. But its not finished yet. The Internet, while it undercuts the traditional media model, opens up interesting new possibilities. An explosion of information from official and unofficial sources has provided more raw material for reporters and commentators, especially in specialist areas such as finance, technology, and the law. And part of what the Internet takes away in advertising revenues it gives back in lower production costs, new formats for telling stories, an expanded potential audience, and alternative sources of funding.
In any case, we shouldnt let nostalgia color our thinking. In days of yore, some big newspaper companies diverted part of the industrys monopoly rents to finance investigative journalism, but it was always a small part. Apart from a few major titles, such as the Times, the Washington Post, and the Wall Street Journal, a willingness to support long-running investigations, some of which invariably lead nowhere, was the exception rather than the ruleand that was hardly surprising. Investigative reporters cause trouble. And, in most American towns and cities, the relationship between the local newspaper and the political and business establishments is very cozy.
Greenwald, who was a lawyer before he turned to blogging, is squarely in the troublemaking tradition; Keller, less so. But both of their ventures seek to exploit the opportunities that online publishing offers. They appear so far to be narrower in scope than ProPublica, which covers a number of different areas, and that may be a good thing. One of the paradoxes of the Internet is that, although it rewards celebrity stories and videos of kittens playing with yarn, it also rewards sites that go narrow and deep. The reason is technological. While there arent as many people interested in the details of N.S.A. surveillance or prison conditions as there are people interested in sports or pop singers, the Internet allows them all to gather in one place. And, when they do, the readership can be a substantial and influential one.