[lycier]

Conduct,Ethics,and Etiquette Guidelines (BBO)

BBO桥牌行为、道德和礼仪准则
翻译：lycier

Introduction
We are committed to maintaining a pleasant atmosphere on Bridge Base Online. Playing on this site should be seen as a privilege, not as a right. As you will see, our site maintains higher standards of conduct than most other online sites. All members are expected to follow our rules as they are outlined in this document.
If you see another member violate any of our rules, please e-mail: abuse@bridgebase.com
First time offenders will be warned that their behavior is not acceptable and they will be put on probation. Subsequent complaints concerning a member on probation will result in that member's permanent expulsion from this site.
If a member is expelled from this site it is illegal for that person to try to return. Unfortunately, it is not always technically possible for us to keep that person away, but we will get that member's ISP and the police involved if necessary. We are serious about this.

前言
我们致力于让BBO(桥牌基地在线)永远保持一种愉快的氛围。在本站打牌应该看成是一项优待而非一种权利。你将会看到，本站将比大多数其它在线网站保持更高标准的行为规范。希望所有会员遵守我们在本文所制订的准则。如果你发现别的会员违反了我们制订的准则，请发e-mail给我们：abuse@bridgebase.com
初次犯规的牌手将因其冒犯行为而受到警告，而且他们将被察看。被察看的牌手如果再次发现有新的被投诉的冒犯行为，该牌手将被本站永久逐出。
如果一个会员被本站逐出，那么他试图再登陆本站则将被视为"违法"行为。困难的是，我们无法在技术上永远阻止那样的人登陆本站，但我们会记录这些人的网络服务商，必要时还可请警察协助。对此，我们的态度是认真的。

Chat guidelines
We have members from all over the world playing on BBO and this is one of our strengths. While English is the "official language" of this site, plenty of our users do not speak English at all or have only limited English skills. Members are sometimes offended over what is really no more than a language problem. Please be aware of the possibility of a misunderstanding before you get upset by a chat message from another member.
The following are considered serious offenses. Repeat offenders will be expelled from BBO:
· The use of profanities as well as racist or sexually explicit remarks

· Insulting your partners, opponents, or any other member of BBO

· Kibitzers chatting with players about the contents of unseen hands

· Sending private chat to another member who has asked you to stop doing so
The following are examples of bad manners. You will have trouble making friends if you:

· Give unsolicited bridge lessons or criticize the bidding/play of other players

· Use public chat for private conversations

· Chat excessively at a bridge table where people are trying to play seriously

· Gloat when you get a good result or complain when you get a bad result

· Use public chat during live vugraph broadcasts, mentoring sessions, and lectures

聊天准则
我们的会员来自世界各地，这也是我们的优势之一。虽然英语是本站的官方语言，但是我们的很多用户完全不懂英语或英语水平很有限。会员有时会因简单的语言问题而冒犯他人。如果你为某一位牌手的聊天信息而烦恼时，请你要明白这里可能会有误解。
但以下行为将被视为严重的违规：重复违规的牌手将被逐出：
使用脏话、种族主义或色情评论；
侮辱同伴、对手或任何其他的BBO会员；
旁观者和牌手谈论未见的牌面；
给另一位已要求你停止密谈的会员发送密谈信息。
以下是不良行为的例子，你将在交友时遇到麻烦。如果你：
在未经请求下主动给别人上桥牌课或批评其他牌手的叫牌或打牌；
在公共聊天室进行私聊；
在牌桌上过多的聊天，影响其他牌手认真打牌；
取得好成绩时沾沾自喜，遭遇挫折时怨声连天；
在线转播比赛、大师演讲或其它的讲座过程中使用公共聊天室聊天。

Profile Image Guidelines
They say an image is worth a thousand words. Please be conservative in your choice of image. Images that are offensive, disruptive or hurtful will be removed without warning.
If you run across an image that you find offensive, let us know.

个人资料上头像应用准则
人们常说：一个头像胜于千字表述。务请慎重选择；头像如具有冒犯性的，颠覆性的或伤害性的含义者，将被删除，无需事先警告。如果你偶然发现这种头像，请告知我们。

Online Bridge Guidelines
The bottom line is that bridge is a game and the vast majority of our members play online bridge for recreational purposes. Bridge may be the greatest game ever invented, but it is still only a game. If you do not like how your partner bids or plays it does not matter. Finish the current hand and send a polite chat message to the table before leaving.
There are only 3 possible excuses for a player to leave a bridge table in the middle of a hand:
· Other players at the table are breaking the guidelines set down in this document

· You get disconnected or have good reason to believe that there is a software problem

· You have some kind of personal emergency
Even under these circumstances, it is appropriate to inform the other players at the table before you leave in the middle of a hand (unless you are disconnected of course).
The following are considered serious offenses. Repeat offenders will be expelled from BBO:

· Leaving the table in the middle of a hand for reasons other than those listed above

· Using software such as ICQ or using a telephone to communicate with your partner

· Intentionally getting ridiculous results - this is not fair to our other members

· Table hosts booting players because they do not like their bidding or play

在线打牌指南
本质而论，桥牌是一项游戏，我们的绝大多数会员在线打牌都是为了休闲娱乐。桥牌也许是史上最伟大的游戏发明；但这仅仅是一项游戏。如果你不喜欢同伴的叫牌或打牌，这没有关系：打完当前的这副牌，给全桌发一个“礼貌的”聊天信息，然后再离开牌室。
作为牌桌上的牌手，你如果中途突然离开牌桌，只有三种可能的理由：
桌上其他牌手违反了本站制订的规则；
你掉线或有理由相信牌室软件有问题；
你个人确有急事。
即使你要在上述情况下中途离开，你也应该在离开前适当地告知其他牌手。（当然，如果你掉线就算了。）
以下行为是严重冒犯行为，重复冒犯将被逐出BBO：
除上述原因以外的其他中途离开牌室；
使用诸如ICQ之类的软件或通过电话和同伴交流牌情信息；
故意制造荒谬的比分－－这对其他的会员是不公平的；
桌主因不喜欢某牌手的叫牌或打牌而踢走该牌手。

Guidelines for Undos, Redeals, and Claims:
The only acceptable time to ask for an undo is when you have misclicked. If you make a poor bid or play or for any other reason, it is inappropriate to ask for an undo.
There are only a few cirumstances under which it is appropriate to ask for a redeal:
· If a player at a duplicate table has seen the current deal before (impossible in theory)

· If a player has left the table in the middle of a hand

· If there appears to be a software problem involving the current deal
All members have the right to reject an undo, redeal, or claim request for any reason. Members are not required to explain why they have rejected such a request and it is inappropriate for a player to be offended if one of his requests is rejected. If your undo, redeal, or claim is rejected and you do not want to play at the current table anymore, finish the current deal and send a polite chat message before leaving.
Advanced players should understand that while a claim looks "obvious" to them, it may not be obvious to other less advanced players at the table. Do not be offended if your claim is rejected. Just continue to play the hand out and reclaim if your opponents ask you to do so.

悔牌（UNDOS）、重发（REDEALS）和声称（CLAIMS）按钮的使用指南：
只有在点击操作错误的情况下你才能够提出悔牌要求。如果你做了一个不好的叫牌或打牌或有其它任何原因，要求悔牌都是不适合的。
仅在以下几种情况下，你才可以要求重新发牌：
在复式牌桌上，如果一位牌手曾经见过当前这副牌（理论上是不可能的）。
如果一位牌手中途离开了牌桌。
如果软件程序问题影响到当前的这副牌。
所有牌手都有权拒绝悔牌、重发或声称请求，勿需任何理由，勿需任何解释，请求遭拒的牌手不得冒犯他人。如果你的悔牌、重发或声称遭到拒绝，而且你也不愿意在当前牌桌继续打牌的话，打完当前的这副牌，发出礼貌的聊天信息，然后离开。
高级牌手应该理解，对他们而言有时一个声称非常明显，但对那些水平稍低的牌手而言可能不一定明显。如果你的声称被拒绝，千万不要冒犯他人。继续打完这副牌；如果对手要求你声称，你可以再次请求声称。

Guidelines for Alerts:
All members should understand that, due to the fact that we have members from all over the world as well as members of all levels of ability and experience, not all players will agree on which bids should be alerted and which bids should be considered "standard".
The management of BBO is not going to get involved with trying to make rules in this area. It is up to our members to try their best to provide their opponents with information that may be helpful to them. Always remember that it is against the laws and spirit of the game of bridge to conceal information about your partnership agreements from your opponents.
The BBO software is designed so that players alert their own bids. This is called "self-alerting" and it is opposite to the approach that is used in live bridge clubs and tournaments. If you have any doubt as to whether one of your bids should be alerted or not, it is appropriate to alert.
If an opponent asks you for the meaning of one of your bids, you are expected to answer them politely, even if you think the answer is obvious. An appropriate answer can be "I have never discussed this with my partner". You do not have to tell the opponents how you intend your bid - only what you have agreed with your partner. It is innapropriate to use chat to explain your bids to your partner unless you get permission from the opponents first.

提示须知：
所有的会员都应该明白，由于我们的会员来自世界各地，大家的水平和经验都不一样，所以并不是所有的牌手都会同意某个叫品应该提示或某个叫品应该是“标准的”。
BBO不涉足这个领域并为此制订规则。我们只是建议我们的会员应该尽可能地向对手清楚解释他们叫牌的含义。永远记住：任何试图隐藏同伴间约定信息的行为都是违反桥牌竞技法规和道德精神的。BBO软件设计要求牌手提示自己的叫品，即谓：自我提示，这跟现实生活中的桥牌比赛方式是相反的。如果你对某个叫品是否应该进行提示而心存疑虑，那么这个提示肯定是适切的。如果对手要求你解释你的某个叫品的含义，即使你认为其含义已经十分明了，希望你礼貌地回答。“我从来没有和同伴讨论过这个叫品的含义”，这样的回答也是适切的。你不必告诉你的对手你将如何叫牌，只要讲清楚你和同伴间的约定就行了。使用聊天方式向同伴解释你的叫品是不适合的，除非事先得到对手的许可。

Courtesies when playing online bridge:
If you are taking a long time to make a bid or play, send a "thinking" chat to let the other players know that you are not having connection problems. Playing slowly is not an offense. If the pace of your table is too slow for you, finish the current hand, send a polite chat message, and leave.
If you have to stop playing temporarily (to answer the door for example), send a "be right back" chat to let the other players know that you are not having connection problems.
If you think your partner or opponents deserve a compliment for their bidding or play, please give them one! If you think that such a comment from another player was not deserved, please keep this information to yourself.
Remember that players should never leave a table without informing the other players first (through chat). If you know in advance that you will be able to play only one or two more hands, it is a courtesy to let the other players know this.
It is considered a courtesy to ask the other players at a table if it is ok for you to sit down before you take a seat. If, after sitting down without asking, you are asked to leave the table you should do so immediately without making any rude comments.

在线打牌礼仪：
1) 如果你在叫牌或打牌时进行长时间的思考，给大家发一个“thinking”的信息，以便让别人知道你没有网络链接问题而耽搁时间。打牌速度慢不是一种冒犯。如果你认为本桌打牌速度满，打完当前的这副牌，发出一个礼貌的信息，然后离开。
2) 如果你不得不临时停止打牌（如给客人开门），发出一个“be right back”（缩写是brb）的信息，以便其他牌手知道你没有网络链接问题。
3) 如果你认为你的同伴或对手的叫牌或打牌值得称赞，则给他们发一个称赞的信息。如你认为来自另一位牌手的此类评语不当，请你保留你自己的意见好了。
4) 切记：牌手千万不要在未（通过聊天）告知其他牌手的情况下离开牌桌，如果你预知将只能再打一或两副牌，礼貌的做法是提前告知同桌的牌手。
5) 入座前，你应该有礼貌地询问其他已经入座的牌手是否允许你坐下打牌。如果未经询问就坐下的话，一旦牌手要求你离开，你应该立刻离开，不得有任何粗鲁的言语。

Guidelines for filling out your User Profile
Any player who uses profanities, racist, or sexually explicit remarks in their profile will be expelled from BBO permanently and without any warning.
It is not necessary for players to include their actual names, e-mail addresses, or countries in their user profiles, but we encourage our members to do so. This information can be kept private by making sure the "Allow others to see this information" box in the profile window is unchecked.
The management of BBO will not divulge this information to any third party and, if you provide your e-mail address, you will not be placed on any e-mail list. We will send you e-mail only if it is necessary to do so.
The "other" section of your user profile can be used to display information about your preferred bidding methods (among other things). New partners should look at each other's profiles, but you should not assume that your partner can play your favorite system or conventions unless you discuss this with him or her.
For example, if you list something like "Precision" in the "other" section of your user profile, do not assume that your partners will know how to play this system unless you ask them about it. If you have not been able to discuss bidding methods with your partner, assume you are using Bridge Base Basic (described in the Bridge Base Standard area of the Training Rooms).
There is an area in your user profile where you can enter information about your level of play. It is not important how well you think you play since most bridge players are unable to assess their own skills with any accuracy. What matters is your level of experience and the degree of success that you have had in live competitive clubs and tournaments. Here are some examples of terms that you can use and how they should be interpreted:
· Novice - Someone who recently learned to play bridge

· Beginner - Someone who has played bridge for less than one year

· Intermediate - Someone who is comparable in skill to most other members of BBO

· Advanced - Someone who has been consistently successful in clubs or minor tournaments

· Expert - Someone who has enjoyed success in major national tournaments

· World Class - Someone who has represented their country in World Championships
If you disagree with another member's assessment of his or her skills, it is completely inappropriate to mention this to them (via chat for example). All members should strive to give an honest approximation of their skill level. This is very much in the best interest of everyone who plays on BBO.
If you would like to join a table to which players of a certain level have been invited, you should follow the above guidelines in order to judge whether or not you would be welcome.

填写用户简介指南
任何牌手在其简介中使用亵渎、种族主义或色情文字或标记都将被BBO永远逐出，不需事先警告。牌手在简介中不必填写自己的真实姓名、地址或国家名，但我们建议牌手们如实填写。这些信息可作为个人隐私进行保留，你只要在简介窗口上的“允许其他人看到这个信息”的小框中不打钩就行。
桥牌基地公司不会将你的信息泄漏给任何第三方；即便是你提供了自己的email地址，我们不会把你的地址放在任何列表中。我们只是在必要时才会给你发。
用户简介的另一部分主要是简述你喜欢的叫牌体系和方法的，新搭档应该互相看对方的简介，除非你和同伴事先进行了讨论；你不应该期望他或她能够打你喜欢的体系或约定叫。
比如：你列出“精确体系”，不要觊觎你的搭档会打这个体系，除非你事先询问过；如果你未能和同伴讨论叫牌体系，就当你们打“BBO基础体系”好了，该体系在“训练牌室”的“BBO标准体系”中有详细描述。
你的简介中还应该输入你的牌技水平信息。你认为你打得如何的好并不重要，因为好多牌手都不能准确地鉴定自己的水平。重要的是你的桥牌经验以及你在俱乐部和其他重大比赛中的成功记录。以下是一些你可以选用的术语示例及其含义：
novice(初学者)：刚刚开始学打桥牌的牌手。
beginner(初级牌手)：打牌时间不超过一年的牌手。
intermediate(中级牌手)：比得上BBO大多数牌手。
advanced(高级牌手)：在俱乐部或比较小的赛事中成绩一直不错的牌手。
expert(专家牌手)：全国大赛的获胜牌手。
world class(世界级牌手)：代表自己的国家参加过世界锦标赛的牌手 。
如果你不同意某个牌手的自我鉴定，向他们提示（如通过聊天）是完全不适合的。所有的会员都应该努力地提供自己较为近似的诚实的牌技评估。这也最符合了所有在BBO打牌者的利益了。
如果你想参加某个对牌手级别有一定要求的牌桌打牌，你应该依据以上指南判断自己在这个牌桌上是否会受欢迎。

Summary
The guidelines described in this document are designed to ensure that all members of BBO are able to enjoy playing online bridge here. If you feel that you cannot adhere to these guidelines, please find another place to play online bridge.
If you accept the responsibility of membership in BBO then we will expect you to follow these guidelines and to report other members who are breaking our rules. We need your help in order to maintain a pleasant atmosphere on this site.
There are several members who have graciously volunteered to help keep the peace on our site. The names of these members appear in yellow and they are referred to as hosts. You can send a chat message to a host or e-mail abuse@bridgebase.com if other members are in violation of the guidelines that are described in this document.
Please keep in mind, however, that some members do not speak the same language as you and that bridge players frequently disagree about what constitutes proper bidding and play (especially those that come from different parts of the world). The vast majority of our members are very nice and decent people. Please try to keep an open mind as a comment or action that offends you may be no more than a misunderstanding or language problem.
Regardless of how many documents we write and warnings we make, there will always be a few lunatics and/or rude people who slip through the cracks. We are trying to keep such people away, but it is not always easy.We thank you for your patience.

准则总结
设计本准则的目的是为了保证的所有会员都能在BBO充分享受在线打牌。如果你觉得你不能遵守以上准则，请你另寻别处在线打牌。
如果你能够承担会员的责任，我们希望你遵守上述准则，并向我们汇报其他会员的违规情况。为使本站能够保持愉快的氛围，我们需要你的帮助。
有一些牌手慷慨地志愿帮助我们，维持保持网站秩序。这些会员的用户名在BBO上以黄色显示，他们是本站的主持人员。如果你发现其他的会员违反了本站的规则，你可以给主持人发聊天信息或给我们发邮件至：abuse@bridgebase.com
但是请切记，一些牌手和你所使用的语言不一样，而且牌手们尤其是来自不同国家的牌手们对一副牌的正确叫牌或打法常常持有不同的看法。我们大多数会员都非常绅士，非常友好。如果别人在语言和行为上冒犯了你，请你努力保持一个谦虚而开放的心态，也许那仅仅不过是因为一时的误解或语言问题。

无论我们写多少文章或做多少警告，相信仍会有那么一些疯子或粗鲁的人来捣乱，我们也一直在试图让这类人离开，但这不总是那么容易。感谢你的耐心。

[lycier]

转帖：一休的桥牌世界
http://blog.sina.com...f00100b7e0.html



放水、判罚及桥牌环境
(2008-11-08 )最近联众BBS上有人发了个帖子，关于大企业赛四分之一决赛的一副判罚问题。我把这副牌发到了世界上最知名的裁判论坛上，上面的国际裁判对这个判罚都毫无疑议，唯一讨论的内容只是关于申诉费是否应该退回。在国际比赛的申诉中，如果申诉费不退还，就意味着这个申诉基本上属于无理取闹的范畴。而国内比赛是以申诉的成功与否决定的，申诉失败则没收申诉费。

如果在国内比较高水平的比赛里，召请裁判是很平常的事，基本上有任何问题都可以叫裁判来协助解决，牌手所要做的仅仅是叙述一下发生的事实经过，接下来的事裁判会告诉你该怎样做，这也是保障比赛顺利进行的一项很基本工作。不过对于习惯打业余牌的人来说，叫裁判来似乎是个很严重的事，好像只有有人犯了错误才会找裁判。联众的帖主发帖的目的似乎本不在于讨论规则，也无意于谈论桥牌本身，甚至以某些A类俱乐部牌手的“陋习”为自己撑腰。这不得不说是国内职业牌手的悲哀，你们没有为业余牌手做出表率，反而是把一些丑陋的行为通过自己的言行传递出去，当然这也是由中国桥牌现今的大环境所决定的。

这就不能不说说瑞士移位最后一轮蔚为壮观的放水大战。首先从赛制来说，桥协安排最后一轮比赛在新的一天，无疑给很多队在前一天晚上分析形势和做“交易”的时间，大部分队的比分都在前一天决定了，方法当然可以多种多样，总之在两个队只能出线一个的情况下，以某种公平的方式决出胜负是件很简单的事，第二天胜队就得25，这便是赛制所滋生的副产物。此外，裁判没有有效的手段防止放水，上届比赛用每副传条的方式，计算机算分，这固然是可以避免改分，但不让想放在桌上，还是无能为力。当然在很多比赛里，最后一轮都没有放水的情况，大量在中间桌打平的队都双双被淘汰，对于很多专业牌手而言，他们也是不希望这种情况发生的。放水的事，如果有一个队放，必然都在放，因为如果你不放水你就是无辜的受害者，即便不是出击，仅仅是维护自己起码的利益也不得不放水。这一点可以借鉴国际比赛的一些经验，从比赛本身控制，例如后几轮允许重复对垒，最后几轮各留几副牌大家统一打。

以上的一切都是国内桥牌的客观环境，生存其中自有其发展之道，或许这次吃亏下次就得益。对于中国的绝大多数牌手，他们学牌和初期打牌的环境都不够规范，这是和国外的最大差别，这些牌手出来打牌，也都还是抱着自己一个小地区内打牌的观念。至于桥牌的道德、规范、规则、礼仪，几乎一无所知。当然无知者往往无畏，所以桥牌也是一个能让各层次的人都得到满足的人，不论什么水平，都会觉得自己很懂。就桥牌本身，我不敢说懂点皮毛，中国能称得上懂十之二三者亦是寥寥，很多人还处在根本不知道入门的正路在哪便自认为精通。改善国内桥牌环境，专职牌手任重而道远，也许一个前提是桥牌可以真正解决牌手生计问题，当打牌不在和生存息息相关时，职业牌手才能真正关注这些问题。

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咨询：BWS《桥牌世界标准》体系相关事宜
我知道在BBO使用BWS《桥牌世界标准》体系有不少大陆和台湾牌手，请问该体系最新版出到哪一年了，中文最新版是哪一年版本？目前我手头上的版本是2007年版，我想知道我国最新版翻译者是谁？准备请他来论坛连载最新BWS体系版本。